What is the function of the sebaceous glands?

The sebaceous glands are specialized structures in the skin that primarily function to secrete oil, specifically sebum. Sebum is a fatty substance that helps to lubricate and protect the skin and hair, preventing them from becoming dry, brittle, and prone to damage. This oil provides a crucial barrier against environmental factors and helps maintain skin hydration.

In terms of skin health, the presence of sebum is important as it plays a role in the skin's natural moisturizing factor and contributes to the overall health of the hair follicles. It can also have antimicrobial properties, helping to reduce the risk of infections.

The other options, while they relate to different skin functions, do not pertain to the role of the sebaceous glands specifically. Sweat production is managed by sweat glands, hair growth involves the follicles and associated structures, and temperature regulation is primarily a function of the sweat glands and blood vessels within the skin.