What is the main purpose of a shampoo?

The primary purpose of shampoo is to remove dirt and oil from the hair and scalp. Shampoos contain various cleansing agents, often referred to as surfactants, which help to lift and wash away impurities, excess sebum, and product buildup. This cleansing action not only helps maintain hygiene but also prepares the hair for further treatment, such as conditioning or styling. While shampoos can vary in formulation and may include ingredients that provide other benefits, their fundamental role centers around cleansing the hair and scalp effectively.